Winston Churchill's "Iron Curtain" Speech. It cannot but be admitted that thirteen years is an incredibly short period for the execution of such a gigantic task. Only when we succeed in doing that can we be sure that our Motherland will be insured against all contingencies. Our victory signifies, first of all, that our Soviet social system was victorious, that the Soviet social system successfully passed the test of fire in the war and proved that it is fully viable. One month later, in his March 1946 speech at Fulton, Missouri, ex- British Prime Minister Winston Churchill presented his views on the East-West conflict. (Loud and prolonged applause. (Loud applause. The result of the election will be the voters’ verdict. In capitalist countries, industrialization usually starts with light industry. To prepare for this immense task we had to carry out three five year plans of national-economic development. It cannot be said that the Party’s policy met with no resistance. Marxists have more than once stated that the capitalist system of world economy contains the elements of a general crisis and military conflicts, that, in view of that, the development of world capitalism in our times does not proceed smoothly and evenly, but through crises and catastrophic wars. And so, what is the summation of the war? Apart from the fact that the rationing system is to be abolished in the very near future (loud and prolonged applause ), special attention will be devoted to the expansion of the production of consumers’ goods, to raising the standard of living of the working people by steadily reducing the prices of all commodities (loud and prolonged applause ), and to the extensive organization of scientific research institutes of every kind (applause ) capable of giving the fullest scope to our scientific forces. But bravery alone is not enough to overpower an enemy who possesses a vast army, first-class armaments, well-trained officers and fairly well-organized supplies. These gentlemen failed to realize that the analogy of Austria-Hungary was unsound, because our multinational state grew up not on the bourgeois basis, which stimulates sentiments of national distrust and national enmity, but on the Soviet basis, which, on the contrary, cultivates sentiments of friendship and fraternal cooperation among the peoples of our state. Without bravery it is, of course, impossible to achieve victory. This historic transformation was brought about in the course of three five-year plans, beginning with 1928 with the first year of the First Five-Year Plan. Was the Communist Party able to make proper use of the material potentialities created in this way for the purpose of developing war production and of supplying the Red Army with the armaments it needed? (Applause. The uneven development of capitalist countries usually leads, in the course of time, to a sharp disturbance of the equilibrium within the world system of capitalism. As we know, prominent foreign journalists have more than once expressed themselves to the effect that the Soviet multinational state is an “artificial and short-lived structure,” that in the event of any complications arising the collapse of the Soviet Union would be inevitable, that the Soviet Union would share the fate of Austria-Hungary. Undoubtedly, the war was the main event during the past period. February 9, 1946. (Loud applause. Question: How do you appraise Mr. Churchill’s latest speech in the United States of America? It is they, millions of these common people, who voted Mr. Churchill and his party out in England, giving their votes to the Labor party. At all events, the situation in our country in this respect was ever so much better before the Second World War, in 1940, than it was before the First World War, in 1913. The collective method proved to be an exceedingly progressive method not only because it did not call for the ruination of the peasants, but also, and particularly, because it enabled us in the course of several years to cover the entire country with large collective farms capable of employing modern machinery, of utilizing all the achievements of agricultural science and of providing the country with the largest possible quantity of market produce. (Loud and prolonged applause. I regard the election campaign as the voters’ judgment the Communist Party of our country as the ruling party. In view of the fact that light industry requires less investments, that capital turnover is faster, and profits are made more easily than in heavy industry, light industry becomes the first object of industrialization, in those countries. Loud and prolonged applause rising to an ovation. Cold War memory quiz – events 1945 to 1950, Cold War memory quiz – events 1950 to 1959, Cold War memory quiz – events 1980 to 1991, Cold War memory quiz – terms and concepts (I), Cold War memory quiz – terms and concepts (II). But for this it was necessary to have, and in, sufficient quantities, elementary things such as: metals — for the production of armaments, equipment and industrial machinery; fuel — to ensure the operation of industry and transport; cotton — to manufacture army clothing; grain — to supply the army with food. That is how it stands with the question of the origin and character of the Second World War. He reflected on the Allied victory in World War II, the stability of the Soviet system and the performance of the Red Army. Stalin's Reply to Churchill, March 14, 1946 What struck me the most about Stalin's " Reply to Churchill " was the tone of Stalin's speech. The second four years covered the events of the war against the German and Japanese aggressors — the events of the Second World War. The first four years were years of intense labour on the part of Soviet people in carrying out the Third Five Year Plan. Stalin on Churchill’s ‘Iron Curtain’ speech (1946) In March 1946 Soviet leader Joseph Stalin responded to Winston Churchill ‘s ‘Iron Curtain’ speech, through the pages of the communist newspaper Pravda: “Mr Churchill now stands in the position of a firebrand of war. Truman joined. As far as our country is concerned, for her, this war was the fiercest and most arduous ever fought in the history of our Motherland. But the war was not only a curse. The historical context of the speech suggests that the conclusion of the war has divided Europe into East and West, the East being controlled by the Soviet Union. A group of capitalist countries regards itself as being less securely provided with raw materials and markets usually attempts to change the situation and to redistribute “spheres of influence” in its own favour – by employing armed force. The entry of the Soviet Union into the war against the Axis Powers could only augment — and really did augment — the anti-fascist and liberating character of the Second World War. Churchill coined the term “iron curtain” in this speech and outlined a global alliance between Europe and the United States, “From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. As a matter of fact, the war broke out as the inevitable result of the development of world economic and political forces [and] monopolistic capitalism. Everybody, perhaps, now admits that the war was not nor could have been an accident in the lives of the peoples, that it actually became a war of the peoples for their existence, and that for that very reason could not have been a swift or lightning war. Digital Archive International History Declassified digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org February 09, 1946 Speech Delivered by Stalin at a Meeting of Voters of the Stalin Electoral District, Moscow Citation: “Speech Delivered by Stalin at a Meeting of Voters of the Stalin Electoral District, Moscow,” February 09, 1946, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Gospolitizdat, Moscow, 1946. Comrades! This was due to the fact that various bourgeois groups, who thought it was not to their advantage to come before the voters without a mask, not infrequently used the non-Party flag as a screen. What can this victory signify from the point of view of the state and the development of the internal forces of our country? howling of others and confidently marched forward in spite of everything. Winston Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech: Winston Churchill presented his Sinews of Peace, (the Iron Curtain Speech), at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri on March 5, 1946 .. President McCluer, ladies and gentlemen, and last, but certainly not least, the President of … This is how the matter stands as regards the activities of the Communist Party of our country in the period up to the beginning of the war and during the war. Source: I. V. Stalin, Speeches Delivered at Meetings of Voters of the Stalin Electoral District, Moscow (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1950), pp. ), As regards long-term plans, our Party intends to organize another powerful upswing of our national economy that will enable us to raise our industry to a level, say, three times as high as that of prewar industry. “). Vyacheslav Molotov - June 22, 1941 Now, everybody, friends and enemies alike, admit that the Red Army proved equal to its tremendous task. The Communist Party therefore took the path of collectivizing agriculture, the path of organizing large farms by uniting the peasant farms into collective farm’s. This unprecedented growth of production cannot be regarded as the simple and ordinary development of a country from backwardness to progress. It was a leap by which our Motherland became transformed from a backward country into an advanced country, from an agrarian into an industrial country. Scrutinise them carefully and treat them according to their deserts. Of course, to defeat the enemies in a war such as the Second World War, the like of which has never been witnessed in the history of mankind before, means achieving a victory of world historical importance. There is no doubt that without the policy of collectivization we would not have been able to put an end to the age-long backwardness of our agriculture in so short a time.

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